| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-867 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Withaniasomnifera root extracts (WRE) | |
| PMID | 24069380 | |
| Literature evidence | To determine if sWRE inhibited EMT, TGF-β was used to induce EMT in MCF10A human mammary epithelial cells. | |
| IUPAC name | NA | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Ethanolic extract | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Withania somnifera | |
| Geographical availability | Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Assam, Bangladesh, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, Cyprus, Djibouti, East Aegean Is., Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Free State, Greece, Gulf States, India, Iran, Kenya, Kriti, KwaZulu-Natal, Lebanon-Syria, Lesotho, Libya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Rwanda, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Sinai, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, West Himalaya, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe | |
| Plant parts | Root | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | TGFβ, EMT, Vimentin, fibronectin, E-cadherin | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | In contrast, treatment with 500nM sWRE or 500nM Withaferin A potently inhibited TGFβ-induced EMT by keeping vimentin and fibronectin at pre-induction levels and increasing E-cadherin levels | |
| Target pathways | NA | |
| IC50 | Interestingly, different sensitivity to sWRE was observed across the six cell lines, where the two most sensitive cell lines, Hs578-T and MDA-MB 231, were vimentin-positive with a 72 hour IC50 of 0.5µM and 0.4µM respectively (Figure 2B). The vimentin-negative cell lines had IC50s that ranged from 1.2µM to 4.0µM. | |
| Potency | Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that low concentrations of sWRE inhibit cancer metastasis potentially through EMT inhibition. Moreover, these doses of sWRE have nearly no toxicity in normal mouse organs, suggesting the potential for clinical use of orally administered WRE capsules. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, T47D, Hs578-T | |
| Additional information | This sWRE formulation inhibited breast cancer cell motility and invasion at concentrations less than 1µM while having negligible cytotoxicity at this dose. sWRE treatment disrupted vimentin morphology in cell lines, confirming its vimentin inhibitory activity. | |
| PubChem ID | NA | |
| Additional PMIDs | NA | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:821709-1 | |
| Safety | NA |