| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-162 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Silymarin | |
| PMID | 11006131 | |
| Literature evidence | Here, we assessed its potential as an anti-angiogenic agent employing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human prostate and breast cancer epithelial cells. | |
| IUPAC name | 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Flavonoid | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Silybum marianum | |
| Geographical availability | Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Central European Rus, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Greece, Gulf States, Hungary, India, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kriti, Krym, Kuwait, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Sinai, South European Russi, Spain, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, West Himalaya, Western Sahara, Yemen, Yugoslavia | |
| Plant parts | Seeds | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer, Lung cancer, Prostate cancer, Colon cancer, Bladder cancer, Liver cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | P-gp, VEGF | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | These results suggest that some flavonoids such as biochanin A and silymarin may reverse MDR by inhibiting the P-gp function. In other studies, 5 to 6 h exposure of DU145 prostate, and MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells to silymarin resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the secreted vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level in conditioned media without any visible change in cell morphology. | |
| Target pathways | NA | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | Taken together, the results of this study support the hypothesis that silymarin possesses an anti-angiogenic potential that may critically contribute to its cancer chemopreventive efficacy. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | DU145, MCF-7, MDA-MB-468 | |
| Additional information | Further research suggests that silymarin may function diversely and may serve as a novel therapy for cancer therapy, such as lung cancer, prostatic cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating cancer cells growth, proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and many other mechanism. | |
| PubChem ID | 5213 | |
| Additional PMIDs | 24338188 30479044 31615114 33861657 25849845 11006131 12604704 15047179 16114498 34641301 28795371 16528448 27362364 24066513 15290869 28440514 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:249211-1 | |
| Safety | NA |