| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-1857 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Sesamin | |
| PMID | 25987037 | |
| Literature evidence | In addition, there was a significant increase of sub-G1 phase arrest in the cell cycle after sesamin treatment. | |
| IUPAC name | 5-[(3S,3aR,6S,6aR)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-6-yl]-1,3-benzodioxole | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Lignan | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Sesamum indicum, Zanthoxylum capense, Zanthoxylum paracanthum Kokwaro, Peperomia pellucida, Zanthoxylum nitidum, Homalomena wendlandii, Stemona pierrei, Knema glauca, Triclisia sacleuxii, Zanthoxylum setulosum | |
| Geographical availability | Sesamum indicum - Assam, Bangladesh, India, West Himalaya Zanthoxylum capense - Cape Provinces, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Mozambique, Northern Provinces, Swaziland, Zimbabwe Zanthoxylum paracanthum Kokwaro - Kenya, Tanzania Peperomia pellucida - Angola, Argentina Northwest, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Florida, French Guiana, Gabon, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Kenya, Leeward Is., Liberia, Louisiana, Madagascar, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mozambique, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Southwest Caribbean, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Togo, Trinidad-Tobago, Uganda, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is., Zambia, Zaïre Zanthoxylum nitidum - Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, Laos, Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Queensland, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam Homalomena wendlandii - Colombia, Costa Rica, Panamá Stemona pierrei - Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam Knema glauca - Borneo, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Sumatera, Thailand Triclisia sacleuxii - Angola, Central African Repu, Congo, Gabon, Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania Zanthoxylum setulosum - Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panamá, Venezuela | |
| Plant parts | Stem, Root, Aerial parts, Crude Bark | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer, Colon cancer, AdKidney cancer, Prostate cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, E2F1, PDK1, Bax, Caspase 3, p53 | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | Combined treatment with subeffective doses of γ-tocotrienol and sesamin was found to induce G1 cell cycle arrest, and a corresponding decrease in cyclin D1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, phospho-Rb, and E2F1 levels, and increase in p27 and p16 levels. Furthermore, sesamin increased the expression of apoptotic markers of Bax, caspase-3, and cell cycle control proteins, p53 and checkpoint kinase 2. | |
| Target pathways | Modulates apoptotic signal pathways and inhibits tumor cell growth (MCF-7) | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | Taken together, these results suggested that sesamin might be used as a dietary supplement for prevention of breast cancer by modulating apoptotic signal pathways and inhibiting tumor cell growth. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MCF-7,+SA, MDA-MB-231, Caco-2, HEK295, mouse | |
| Additional information | Reduces cell viability, increases Sub-G1 phase arrest in the cell cycle, LDH release and apoptosis, increases the expression of apoptotic markers of Bax, caspase-3, and cell cycle control proteins, p53 and checkpoint kinase 2 (in MCF-7 cells) Combined treatment with subeffective doses of γ-tocotrienol and sesamin induce G1 cell cycle arrest, and correspondingly decrease cyclin D1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, phospho-Rb, and E2F1 levels, and increase p27 and p16 levels. (+SA, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 mammary cancer cells) Combined low-dose treatment of γ-tocotrienol and sesamin causes a marked reduction in EGF-induced ErbB3 and ErbB4 receptors phosphorylation (activation) and a relatively large decrease in intracellular levels of total and/or phosphorylated c-Raf, MEK1/2, ERK1/2, PI3K, PDK1, Akt, p-NFκB, Jak1, Jak2, and Stat1 Reduces human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and endothelial growth factor receptor expressions, and reduces downstream pMAPK [IN VIVO - human estrogen receptor-positive breast tumors (MCF-7) in athymic mice] | |
| PubChem ID | 72307 | |
| Additional PMIDs | 16549449 22987298 27373319 23266736 25987037 19471882 25632473 19551734 22136581 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:675971-1 https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775632-1 https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775925-1 https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:679378-1 https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775896-1 https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:87327-1 https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77155030-1 https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:821994-1 https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:585861-1 https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:581679-1 https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:270783-2 | |
| Safety | Results showed that treatment with γ-tocotrienol or sesamin alone induced a significant dose-responsive growth inhibition, whereas combination treatment with these agents synergistically inhibited the growth of +SA, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 mammary cancer cells, while similar treatment doses were found to have little or no effect on normal (mouse CL-S1 and human MCF-10A) mammary epithelial cell growth or viability. |