| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-1317 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Phaleria macrocarpa extract (PMEAF) | |
| PMID | 28263848 | |
| Literature evidence | Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) fruit induce G(0)/G(1) and G(2)/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through mitochondria-mediated pathway in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell. | |
| IUPAC name | NA | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Ethyl acetate fraction | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Phaleria macrocarpa | |
| Geographical availability | New Guinea | |
| Plant parts | Fruits | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | Bax, Bid, Caspase 3, Caspase 8, cyt-c, p21, p27, p53, SMAC, Bcl-2, Bcl-w, XIAP, Survivin | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | The results from apoptosis protein profiling array evidenced that PMEAF stimulated the expression of 9 pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bid, caspase 3, caspase 8, cytochrome c, p21, p27, p53 and SMAC) and suppressed the 4 anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-w, XIAP and survivin) in MDA-MB-231 cells. | |
| Target pathways | The results indicated that PMEAF treatment induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells through intrinsic mitochondrial related pathway with the participation of pro and anti-apoptotic proteins, caspases, G0/G1 and G2/M-phases cell cycle arrest by p53-mediated mechanism. | |
| IC50 | 18.10 µg/mL against MDA-MB-231 | |
| Potency | Both results were indicated that the PMEAF is a potential anticancer agent with the average IC50 values of 18.10µg/mL by inhibiting the MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MDA-MB-231 | |
| Additional information | Moreover, the PMEAF exert cytotoxicity by increased the ROS production in MDA-MB-231 cells consistently stimulated the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) and induced apoptosis cell death by activation of numerous signalling proteins. | |
| PubChem ID | NA | |
| Additional PMIDs | 20734918 20703095 24818141 24885709 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:832478-1 | |
| Safety | NA |