| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-1961 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Pentagalloyl glucose | |
| PMID | 33707603 | |
| Literature evidence | The current investigation was designed to examine the natural compound pentagalloyl glucose (PGG) effects on TNF-α activated TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468. | |
| IUPAC name | [(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5,6-tetrakis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Galloyl-beta-D-glucose | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Quercus aliena | |
| Geographical availability | China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Japan, Korea, Laos, Manchuria, Myanmar, Primorye, Taiwan, Thailand | |
| Plant parts | NA | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | GRO-α/CXCL1, IƙBKE, MAPK, DR4, DR5, TNF | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | The results obtained showed that PGG reduced the expression of the cytokine GRO-α/CXCL1. PGG also inhibited IƙBKE and MAPK1 genes and the protein expression of IƙBKE and MAPK, indicating that GRO-α downregulation is possibly through NFƙB and MAPK signaling pathway. PGG also inhibited cell proliferation in both cell lines. Moreover, PGG induced apoptosis, modulating caspases, and TNF superfamily receptor genes. It also augmented mRNA of receptors DR4 and DR5 expression, which binds to TNF-related apoptosis-induced ligand, a potent and specific stimulator of apoptosis in tumors. Remarkably, PGG induced a 154-fold increase in TNF expression in MDA-MB-468 compared to a 14.6-fold increase in MDA-MB-231 cells. | |
| Target pathways | NFƙB and MAPK signaling pathway | |
| IC50 | 50.23 ± 2.16 µM against MDA-MB-231 35.72 ± 0.75 µM against MDA-MB-468 | |
| Potency | Thus, PGG use may be recommended as an adjunct therapy for TNBC to increase chemotherapy effectiveness and prevent cancer progression. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231 | |
| Additional information | The results also suggest PGG potential as an inducer of apoptosis in MM-231 and MM-468 TNBC cells, stimulating expression of numerous apoptosis-associated genes, including caspases. | |
| PubChem ID | 65238 | |
| Additional PMIDs | NA | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295765-1 | |
| Safety | NA |