| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-799 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Mukonal | |
| PMID | 32809085 | |
| Literature evidence | Results indicate that mukonal has potential to induce antiproliferative effects against MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 cells with an IC50 of 7.5 µM. | |
| IUPAC name | 2-hydroxy-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Alkaloid | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Murraya koenigii | |
| Geographical availability | Assam, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Laos, Malaya, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya | |
| Plant parts | NA | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | PARP, Caspase 3, Bcl-2, Beclin-1, LC3B-I, LC3B-II | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | The antiproliferative effects of mukonal were found to proceed via apoptosis, which was further supported by increased cleavage of PARP and caspase-3 and reduced expression of Bcl-2. Mukonal induced autophagic cells death in breast cancer cells as was evidenced by formation of autophagosomes and enhanced expressions of Beclin-1, LC3B-I and LC3B-II proteins. | |
| Target pathways | NA | |
| IC50 | 7.5 µM against MDA-MB-231 and SKBR-3 | |
| Potency | Mukonal has a remarkable potential of inhibiting breast cancer via induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Mukonal also inhibited xenografted tumors models in a dose-dependent manner. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MDA-MB-231, CAMA-1, MDA-MB-435, SKBR-3/ xenografted mice models | |
| Additional information | We conclude that Mukonal could prove a beneficial lead molecule for the treatment of laryngeal cancer. | |
| PubChem ID | 504068 | |
| Additional PMIDs | NA | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774433-1 | |
| Safety | NA |