| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-609 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Moringa oleifera (MOLSr) extracts (M1S9) | |
| PMID | 33007803 | |
| Literature evidence | M1S9, specifically composed of saponin and amino acid, retained the lowest antioxidant activity but the highest glucosinolate content as compared to other ratios. | |
| IUPAC name | NA | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Dichloromethane fraction | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Moringa oleifera | |
| Geographical availability | India, Pakistan | |
| Plant parts | Leaves and seeds | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | SFRP1, Bax, p53, Caspase 8, CaN, SLC39A6, VEGF | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | In other words, downregulation of SFRP1 in M1S9-treated MDA-MB-231 tumors could probably reduce/inhibit tumorigenesis and metastasis, leading to a less aggressive phenotype. Dichloromethane fraction of Moringa oleifera leaf methanolic extract selectively inhibits breast cancer cells (MCF7) by induction of apoptosis via upregulation of Bax, p53 and caspase 8 expressions High-dose M1S9 significantly decreased the expression of calcineurin (CaN) and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) proteins as well as the secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and solute carrier family 39 member 6 (SLC39A6) genes. | |
| Target pathways | MAPK and ERK1/2 cascade pathway | |
| IC50 | 26 µg/mL against MCF-7 | |
| Potency | M1S9 extract was postulated to exert chemopreventive potential by regulating the apoptotic process, cell cycle, cell death and survival in MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MDA-MB-231 xenograft breast tumor mice, MCF-7 | |
| Additional information | Chemopreventive values of the combined mixture of moringa leaves and seed residue (MOLSr) at different ratios (M1S9, M1S1 and M9S1) were investigated. M1S9, specifically composed of saponin and amino acid, retained the lowest antioxidant activity but the highest glucosinolate content as compared to other ratios. M1S9 exerted a profound suppressive effect on the cell viability of the MCF-7 cells (IC50 = 38.5 μg/mL) as well as the PMECs (the normal breast cells) (IC50 = 17 μg/mL) after 72 h of treatment. Cell viability decreased significantly in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and PMECs after treatment with M1S9. Solid tumor from MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice was inhibited by up to 64.5% at third week after treatment with high-dose M1S9. Moringa-derived glucosinolates possess chemoprotective potential through cytoprotective, anticarcinogenic and antioxidant effects and induces apoptosis in cancer cells | |
| PubChem ID | NA | |
| Additional PMIDs | 34578801 34086162 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584736-1 | |
| Safety | On the other hand, the dichloromethane fraction of the MOS extract was highly toxic to MCF-7 (IC50 = 26 µg/mL) but had limited toxicity to normal cancer cells, MCF 10A (IC50 > 400 µg/mL) |