| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-87 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Lutein | |
| PMID | 29620169 | |
| Literature evidence | Taken together, the results of the present study suggested that lutein may be a novel candidate for the chemoprevention of breast cancer. | |
| IUPAC name | (1R)-4-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-18-[(1R,4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Carotenoid | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Spinacia oleracea | |
| Geographical availability | Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Pakistan, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan | |
| Plant parts | NA | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | HIF‑1α, Notch signaling, HES1, Bcl-2, Caspase 3, PARP, HO-1, SOD-1, Hsp-60 | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | Exposure to lutein inhibited hypoxia-mediated activation of HIF‑1α, NOTCH signaling and HES1 expression, and suppressed the hypoxia-induced expression of EMT-associated factors. Suppression of antioxidant defense and cell survival markers by lutein was further linked to apoptosis induction with elevated caspase-3 activity and downregulated expression of Bcl-2 and poly-ADP ribose polymerase. The growth inhibitory effect of lutein was associated with suppressed protein expression of superoxide dismutase-2 and heme oxygenase-1, and its transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2. Additionally, we found that the p53 signaling pathway is activated and HSP60 levels are increased by lutein treatment, which may contribute partly to the induction of growth inhibition in TNBC cells. | |
| Target pathways | p53 signaling pathway | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | Taken together, the results of the present study suggested that lutein may be a novel candidate for the chemoprevention of breast cancer. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MDA‑MB‑157, MCF‑7, BALB/c mice | |
| Additional information | Furthermore, HES1 may be crucial in mediating the involvement of lutein in the suppression of hypoxia-driven ROS-induced breast cancer progression. | |
| PubChem ID | 5281243 | |
| Additional PMIDs | 15247131 17035395 17640163 20645919 29620169 31043780 11415946 17125943 2333016 9772131 28511808 12324304 14747688 12491492 21864361 27461049 29662002 30915444 34494098 8771571 8609642 9103304 9264275 11566646 11415491 31763483 15342450 26791185 27913933 29920287 32129350 32710479 10616263 10090300 16317581 10573560 15113052 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:167384-1 | |
| Safety | NA |