| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-588 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Isotoosendanin (ITSN) | |
| PMID | 34742683 | |
| Literature evidence | Collectively, this study shows that natural compound TSN and ITSN suppress TNBC growth via inducing necrosis, apoptosis and autophagy. | |
| IUPAC name | [(1S,2S,4R,5S,6S,9S,10S,11R,13R,14R,18S,20R)-4-acetyloxy-6-(furan-3-yl)-11,15,18-trihydroxy-5,10,14-trimethyl-3,8-dioxo-16-oxapentacyclo[12.3.3.01,13.02,10.05,9]icosan-20-yl] acetate | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Triterpenoid | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Melia azedarach | |
| Geographical availability | Assam, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Nepal, New Guinea, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Philippines, Queensland, Solomon Is., Sri Lanka, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Western Australia | |
| Plant parts | Bark | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | Procaspase 3, Procaspase 10, Bcl-xL, Beclin-1, LC3B | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | Moreover, TSN (20 nM) and ITSN (2.5 μM) induced the cleavage of pro-caspase-3 and pro-caspase-9, and decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL in both MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells. Results from scanning electron microscope observation and detecting the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) and Beclin 1 evidenced that TSN (20 nM) and ITSN (2.5 μM) induced autophagy in both MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells. | |
| Target pathways | NA | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | Collectively, this study shows that natural compound TSN and ITSN suppress TNBC growth via inducing necrosis, apoptosis and autophagy. TSN and ITSN could be promising drugs for TNBC treatment. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MDA-MB-231, BT-549, 4T1 xenograft tumor | |
| Additional information | NA | |
| PubChem ID | 162642250 | |
| Additional PMIDs | NA | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578949-1 | |
| Safety | TSN and ITSN decreased 4T1 xenograft tumor growth without inflicting toxicity on vital organs in mice. |