| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-1021 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Ginsenoside Rg3 | |
| PMID | 30678106 | |
| Literature evidence | In various studies, significant anti-cancer properties of ginsenosides have been reported in different cancers. | |
| IUPAC name | (1S,2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-{[(1S,3aR,3bR,5aR,7S,9aR,9bR,11R,11aR)-11-hydroxy-1-[(2S)-2-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-3a,3b,6,6,9a-pentamethyl-hexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy}-4-{[(1R,2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxycyclohexyl]oxy}cyclohexane-1,2,3-triol | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Tetracyclic Triterpenoid | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Panax ginseng | |
| Geographical availability | Khabarovsk, Korea, Manchuria, Primorye | |
| Plant parts | Root | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | CXCR4, STXBP5-AS1, RFX3-AS1 , EEF2, MYCBP2, STXBP5, GRM1, RFX3, SLC1A1, WT1 | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | This work suggests that Rg3 is a new CXCR4 inhibitor from a natural product.STXBP5-AS1 and RFX3-AS1 exhibited anti- and pro-proliferation effects, respectively, in the cancer cells, and the effects of Rg3 and KRG extract on apoptosis and cell proliferation were weakened after deregulating the lncRNAs. Of the genes located close to STXBP5-AS1 and RFX3-AS1 on the chromosome, STXBP5, GRM1, RFX3, and SLC1A1 were regulated by the lncRNAs on the RNA and protein level. Western blotting confirmed that Rg3 increased the phosphorylation of EEF2 on Thr57 but did not alter the protein expression of EEF2 in MDA-MB-231 and HCC1143 cells. | |
| Target pathways | NF-κB Signaling | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | The ginsenoside Rg3, one of active components of red ginseng, has chemopreventive and anticancer potential., This study suggests that Rg3 has a therapeutic potential targeting breast cancer stem cells. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, MCF-10A | |
| Additional information | Reduces the expression of cyclin A and cyclin D1, arrests cancer cells in G1-phase Inhibits phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression and NF-κB activation (in cultured human mammary epithelial (MCF-10A) cells and in mouse skin in vivo) induces the proteolytic cleavage of caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, causes depolarization of the mitochondria membrane potential and the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria (MDA-MB-231) Blocks NF-κB signaling via inactivation of ERK and Akt as well as destabilization of mutant p53 (MDA-MB-231) Decreases the viability of breast cancer cells and significantly reduced the populations of CD44high/CD24low in MDA-MB-231 cells Regulates the tumor-related long noncoding RNAs RFX3-AS1 and STXBP5-AS1 | |
| PubChem ID | 9918693 | |
| Additional PMIDs | 29435015 30678106 19035277 26045685 31308814 20546398 21455623 31700260 25337544 25337569 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:91472-1 | |
| Safety | NA |