| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-349 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Gambogic acid | |
| PMID | 29458160 | |
| Literature evidence | Due to the ability of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) to induce cancer cell apoptosis selectively, TRAIL has attracted significant interest in the treatment of cancer. | |
| IUPAC name | (Z)-4-[(1S,2S,8R,17S,19R)-12-hydroxy-8,21,21-trimethyl-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-8-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)-14,18-dioxo-3,7,20-trioxahexacyclo[15.4.1.02,15.02,19.04,13.06,11]docosa-4(13),5,9,11,15-pentaen-19-yl]-2-methylbut-2-enoic acid | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Xanthone | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Garcinia hanburyi | |
| Geographical availability | Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam | |
| Plant parts | Leaves and resin | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer, Colorectal cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | Bid | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | GA cooperated with TRAIL to decrease the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins and activate Bid (BH3 interacting-domain death agonist) to promote the crosstalk of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic signaling, rather than increasing the expression of TRAIL receptors DR4 and DR5. | |
| Target pathways | Extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic signalings | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | Gambogic acid was found to have an EC(50) of 0.78 microM in the caspase activation assay in T47D breast cancer cells. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | T47D | |
| Additional information | These findings may open a new window in the treatment of breast cancer using TRAIL in combination with GA. | |
| PubChem ID | 9852185 | |
| Additional PMIDs | 14723951 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:427987-1 | |
| Safety | Show acute toxicity, as given in pubchem |