| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-1987 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Fennel essential oil | |
| PMID | 28846628 | |
| Literature evidence | The potential cytotoxic activity was studied against HeLa (human cervical cancer), Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), CCRF-CEM (human T lymphoblast leukaemia) and CEM/ADR5000 (adriamycin resistant leukaemia) cancer cell lines; IC50 values were between 30-210 mg L-1 and thus exhibited low cytotoxicity as compared to cytotoxic reference compounds. | |
| IUPAC name | NA | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Essential oil | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Foeniculum vulgare | |
| Geographical availability | Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Baleares, Bulgaria, Corse, Cyprus, East Aegean Is., Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, France, Greece, Gulf States, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kriti, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Morocco, Nepal, North Caucasus, Pakistan, Palestine, Portugal, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Sinai, Spain, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, West Himalaya, Yemen, Yugoslavia | |
| Plant parts | Aerial parts | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer, Leukemia | |
| Target gene or protein | Bax, Bcl-2 | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | In addition, the essential oil increased the expression of Bax, but decreased Bcl2 gene expression significantly (P < 0.001). | |
| Target pathways | NA | |
| IC50 | 59 ± 5 mg/ml against MCF-7 | |
| Potency | According to our findings, F. vulgare essential oil can be considered as a promising agent opening venues for novel antimicrobial and anticancer therapies. Owing to side effects and expensiveness of chemotherapy approaches, HM is a new remarkable insight for future therapies. Exhibit low cytotoxicity as compared to cytotoxic reference compounds. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MCF-7 | |
| Additional information | The essential oil of fennel contains several bioreactive secondary metabolites, such as aldehydes. The oil apparently affects the stability of biomembranes and interacts with molecular targets, such as proteins and DNA, which causes a low cytotoxicity. | |
| PubChem ID | NA | |
| Additional PMIDs | 31069662 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:842680-1 | |
| Safety | NA |