| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-2168 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Extra-Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) | |
| PMID | 19094209 | |
| Literature evidence | The ability of EVOO-derived polyphenols to inhibit HER2 activity by promoting the proteasomal degradation of the HER2 protein itself, together with the fact that humans have safely been ingesting secoiridoids and lignans as long as they have been consuming olives and OO, support the notion that the stereochemistry of these phytochemicals might provide an excellent and safe platform for the design of new HER2-targeting agents. | |
| IUPAC name | NA | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Oil | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Olea Europea | |
| Geographical availability | Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Baleares, Botswana, Burundi, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, China South-Central, Cyprus, Djibouti, East Aegean Is., Eritrea, Ethiopia, Free State, Greece, Iran, Italy, Kenya, Kriti, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Libya, Madeira, Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Northern Provinces, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Portugal, Rwanda, Réunion, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Somalia, Spain, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Uganda, West Himalaya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe | |
| Plant parts | Fruits | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | HER2, FASN | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | EVOO polyphenols drastically depleted HER2 protein and reduced HER2 tyrosine autophosphorylation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. EVOO polyphenols-induced HER2 downregulation occurred regardless the molecular mechanism contributing to HER2 overexpression (i.e. naturally by gene amplification and ectopically driven by a viral promoter). These findings reveal for the first time that phenolic fractions, directly extracted from EVOO, may induce anti-cancer effects by suppressing the expression of the lipogenic enzyme FASN in HER2-overexpressing breast carcinoma cells, thus offering a previously unrecognized mechanism for EVOO-related cancer preventive effects. | |
| Target pathways | NA | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | EVOO lignans exhibited significant cytotoxic activities against SKBR3 cells. Fraction 6, which mainly contained 1-(+)-acetoxypinoresinol was more effective than fraction 5, which mainly contained (+)-pinoresinol (IC50s = 51 ± 2 μM and 72 ± 5 μM, respectively). Among the EVOO phenolic fractions tested, those containing the secoiridoids DAOA, oleuropein aglycone, and ligstroside aglycone were the most potent at decreasing breast cancer cell viability, with all of them exhibiting IC50 values lower than 50 μM (e.g. as low as 26 ± 6 μM for the fraction 8 mainly containing the secoiridoid ligstroside aglycone). | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MCF-7, SKBR3 | |
| Additional information | Pre-treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 prevented EVOO polyphenols-induced HER2 depletion. | |
| PubChem ID | NA | |
| Additional PMIDs | 18813848 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/610675-1 | |
| Safety | NA |