| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-823 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Escin Ia | |
| PMID | 27008697 | |
| Literature evidence | The saponin fraction of Aesculus chinensis Bunge fruits (SFAC) could inhibit the invasion and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. | |
| IUPAC name | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-9-acetyloxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-10-[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Saponin | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Aesculus chinensis | |
| Geographical availability | China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Laos | |
| Plant parts | Fruits | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | LOXL2 | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | When MCF-7 cells were stimulated with TNF-α/TGF-β, transfected with LOXL2 or treated with hypoxia, escin Ia down-regulated the level of LOXL2 in MCF-7 cells. | |
| Target pathways | NA | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | In conclusion, escin Ia was the main active ingredient of SFAC for the anti-TNBC metastasis activity, and its action mechanisms involved inhibition of EMT process by down-regulating LOXL2 expression. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | Female athymic nude mice, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 | |
| Additional information | Of interest, escin Ia did not alter the level of HIF-1α in hypoxia-induced MCF-7 cells. In TNBC xenograft mice, the metastasis and EMT of MDA-MB-231 cells were suppressed by escin Ia. | |
| PubChem ID | 6476030 | |
| Additional PMIDs | NA | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781586-1 | |
| Safety | NA |