| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-948 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Epoxy clerodane diterpene | |
| PMID | 28068628 | |
| Literature evidence | Systematic analyses of plants that are used in traditional medicine may lead to the discovery of novel cytotoxic secondary metabolites. | |
| IUPAC name | NA | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Diterpene | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Tinospora cordifolia | |
| Geographical availability | Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Maldives, Myanmar, Nicobar Is., Sri Lanka, Vietnam | |
| Plant parts | Stem | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | CYP1A, GPX, GSK3β, TNF-α, NF-κB, CDKn2A, Rb1, p53, Bax, Caspase 3, Caspase 8, Caspase 9, p21, Bcl-2, mdm2, PCNA | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | ECD significantly increased the expression of mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway-related genes after 48h, we observed significantly (p≤0.05) increased expression of CYP1A, GPX, GSK3β and TNF-α and downregulated expression of NF-κB. ECD also increased the expression of tumor suppressor genes such as Cdkn2A, Rb1 and p53. In addition, we observed that ECD treatment significantly (p≤0.001) upregulated the expression of apoptotic genes such as Bax, cas-3, cas-8, cas-9 and p21 and downregulated the expression of BCL-2, mdm2 and PCNA. | |
| Target pathways | Mitochondrial pathway | |
| IC50 | At 24h, 48h: 3.2 μM, 2.4 μM against MCF-7 respectively | |
| Potency | In conclusion, ECD regulates the expression of Cdkn2A, p53 and mdm2 and induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MCF-7 | |
| Additional information | Nuclear staining revealed that cells treated with the 2.4μM dose exhibited characteristic apoptotic morphological changes and that 46% of the cells were apoptotic and 4% were necrotic after 48h. ECD significantly increased the expression of mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway-related genes after 48h | |
| PubChem ID | NA | |
| Additional PMIDs | NA | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:907828-1 | |
| Safety | NA |