| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-1073 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Epicatechin | |
| PMID | 31404596 | |
| Literature evidence | Biocatalytically oligomerized epicatechin with potent and specific anti-proliferative activity for human breast cancer cells. | |
| IUPAC name | (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Flavonoid | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Garcinia mangostana | |
| Geographical availability | Borneo, Malaya | |
| Plant parts | Fruits | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer, Liver cancer, Colon cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | DR4/DR5, Bad, Bax | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | Further, (-)-epicatechin in MDA-MB-231 cells upregulated death receptor (DR4/DR5), increased the ROS production, and modulated pro-apoptotic proteins., In MCF-7 cells, (-)-epicatechin did not involve death receptor, however, an increase in ROS and the upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bad and Bax) were observed., These changes were associated with the apoptosis activation through the intrinsic pathway. | |
| Target pathways | NA | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | Biocatalytically oligomerized epicatechin with potent and specific anti-proliferative activity for human breast cancer cells. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MCF-7, T47D, MDA-MB-231, HCT116 | |
| Additional information | In addition, rutin, 2-hydrocinnamic acid and epicatechin were identified in the extract, which might contribute to antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. | |
| PubChem ID | 72276 | |
| Additional PMIDs | 10861841 32359377 18978700 17293380 32106523 27706082 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:428073-1 | |
| Safety | NA |