| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-141 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Cynara cardunculus extract | |
| PMID | 22170094 | |
| Literature evidence | Artichoke polyphenols induce apoptosis and decrease the invasive potential of the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB231. | |
| IUPAC name | NA | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Polyphenolic extract | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Cynara cardunculus | |
| Geographical availability | Albania, Algeria, Baleares, Canary Is., France, Italy, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, Portugal, Sicilia, Spain, Tunisia, Yugoslavia | |
| Plant parts | Edible part | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | Caspase 9, Caspase 8, Bax, Bcl-2, p21(WAF1) | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | The addition of AEs to the cells, rather than ChA, triggered apoptosis via a mitochondrial and a death-receptor pathway, as shown by the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-8, respectively. Furthermore, an increase of the Bax:Bcl2 ratio and up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21(WAF1), crucial apoptotic players, were documented. | |
| Target pathways | Mitochondrial and a death-receptor pathway | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | Our findings indicate that AEs reduced cell viability, inhibited cell growth, triggered apoptotic mechanisms, and showed inhibitory properties against the invasive behavior of MDA-MB231 cancer cell line. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MDA-MB-231 | |
| Additional information | In addition, a significant decrease of proteolytic activity of metalloproteinase-2 protein (MMP-2), involved in degrading components of the extracellular matrix, was detected. | |
| PubChem ID | NA | |
| Additional PMIDs | NA | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200876-1 | |
| Safety | NA |