| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-267 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Croton gratissimus extract | |
| PMID | 30428879 | |
| Literature evidence | Croton gratissimus leaf extracts inhibit cancer cell growth by inducing caspase 3/7 activation with additional anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. | |
| IUPAC name | NA | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Acetone extract, ethanolic extract, aqueous extract | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Croton gratissimus | |
| Geographical availability | Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Caprivi Strip, Chad, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Uganda, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe | |
| Plant parts | Leaves | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | Caspase 3, Caspase 7 | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | Croton gratissimus leaf extracts inhibit cancer cell growth by inducing caspase 3/7 activation with additional anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities | |
| Target pathways | NA | |
| IC50 | Acetone extract - 83.74 ± 2.06 μg/mL against MCF-7 Ethanol extract - 39.75 ± 2.49 μg/mL against MCF-7 Water extract - > 200 μg/mL against MCF-7 | |
| Potency | Based on their selective toxicity, good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, the acetone and ethanol leaf extracts of C. gratissimus represent promising alternative sources of compounds against cancer and other oxidative stress related diseases. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MCF-7, Vero, A549, Caco-2, HeLa | |
| Additional information | These extracts induced differentially the activation of caspases - 3 and - 7 enzymes in all the four cancerous cells with the highest induction (1.83-fold change) obtained on HeLa cells with the acetone leaf extract of C. gratissimus. | |
| PubChem ID | NA | |
| Additional PMIDs | NA | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:342614-1 | |
| Safety | The acetone and ethanol extracts of C. gratissimus were less cytotoxic to non-cancerous cells and more selective with LC50 varying between 152.30 and 462.88 μg/mL, and selectivity index (SI) ranging between 1.56 and 11.64. |