| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-1449 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Capsanthin | |
| PMID | 32933334 | |
| Literature evidence | Carotenoids found in fruits and vegetables are compounds with significant biological activities. | |
| IUPAC name | (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16E,18E)-19-[(4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl]-1-[(1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentyl]-4,8,13,17-tetramethylnonadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18-nonaen-1-one | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Carotenoid | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Capsicum annuum | |
| Geographical availability | Arizona, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Cayman Is., Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Florida, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panamá, Peru, Puerto Rico, Southwest Caribbean, Suriname, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Turks-Caicos Is., Venezuela, Windward Is. | |
| Plant parts | NA | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | p53, Bax, Bcl-2, p-gp | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | Furthermore, Western blot analysis showed that capsanthin application increased p53 and Bax protein expressions and caused a decrease in Bcl-2 protein level. | |
| Target pathways | NA | |
| IC50 | 3.60 ± 0.13 µM against MCF-7 | |
| Potency | These results show that the capsanthin causes oxidative stress and DNA damage, and increases mitochondrial apoptotic mechanism-mediated cell death after p53 and Bax protein activations. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDR-1 gene-transfected L1210 mouse lymphoma cells | |
| Additional information | Inhibites P-gp effectively (MCF-7 cells) Capsanthin treatment decreased catalase and glutathione levels but increased lipid peroxidation. enhances the rhodamine 123 accumulation 30-fold (MDA-MB-231) | |
| PubChem ID | 5281228 | |
| Additional PMIDs | 15113052 18560226 20645919 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316944-2 | |
| Safety | NA |