| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-853 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Brucea javanica Seed extract | |
| PMID | 32411003 | |
| Literature evidence | Interestingly, recent studies had shown that plant-derived natural products could modulate the autophagy and induce the breast cancer cells death. | |
| IUPAC name | NA | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Ethanolic extract | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Brucea javanica | |
| Geographical availability | Andaman Is., Assam, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, Caroline Is., China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, New Guinea, Northern Territory, Philippines, Queensland, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam | |
| Plant parts | Seeds | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | ULK1, Beclin-1, p62 | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | In the cells exposed to BJE, protein expressions of UNC-51-like kinase-1 (ULK1) and Beclin-1 and the ratio of light chain 3 II/I (LC3 II/I) were reduced, while the expression of p62 was increased, indicating an inhibition on autophagy. | |
| Target pathways | PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | Taken together, this study revealed anti-breast cancer activity of BJE based on autophagy restraint, highlighting its clinical importance as a novel natural agent against TNBC. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MDA-MB-231 | |
| Additional information | Coincide with the results in vitro, autophagy in the tumor tissue was weakened as indicated by decreased ratio of LC 3 II/I and Beclin-1 accompanied by enhanced phosphorylation of mTOR, which confirmed that autophagy restraint via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway contributes to the suppression by BJE. | |
| PubChem ID | NA | |
| Additional PMIDs | NA | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813610-1 | |
| Safety | Notably, no noticeable toxicity in non-targeted organs was found, including small intestine, liver, and kidney. |