| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-1069 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Brazilin | |
| PMID | 34920321 | |
| Literature evidence | The potential binding sites of transcription factors in the human DNMT1 promoter were predicted using the MatInspector tool on the Genomatix software. | |
| IUPAC name | (6aS,11bR)-7,11b-dihydro-6H-indeno[2,1-c]chromene-3,6a,9,10-tetrol | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Flavonoid | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Caesalpinia sappan | |
| Geographical availability | Assam, Bangladesh, Cambodia, East Himalaya, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam | |
| Plant parts | Heartwood | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer, Cervical cancer, Lung cancer, Colorectal cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | p38, p53, DNMT1, p21 | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | Brazilin, by activating p38 MAPK and elevating p53 levels within the exposed cells. The elevated level of p53 enriched the occupancy at binding sites within 200 bp upstream to the transcription start site in the DNMT1 promoter, resulting in reduced DNMT1 gene expression. Furthermore, the brazilin restored the p21 levels in the exposed cells as the CpGs in the p21 promoter (-128 bp/+17 bp) were significantly demethylated as observed in the methylation-specific PCR (MSP). | |
| Target pathways | NA | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | The flavonoid brazilin was isolated from the heartwood of H. brasilettoBrazilin is able to inhibit the growth of SiHa, MDA-MB-231, A549 and NCI- H1299 cancerous cell lines. Brazilin exhibited a moderate antiproliferative activity on the human non-cancer cell line ARPE-19Brazilin demonstrated to have antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell lines and could be a potential source of anticancer agents. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | SiHa, MDA-MB-231, A549, NCI- H1299 | |
| Additional information | Rivero-Cruz reported that brazilin inhibited the growth of S. aureus 375, S. aureus ATCC 25923, and E. faecium 379. Moreover, brazilin was described as an inhibitor of NO synthase,[24] xanthine oxidase,[22] protein kinase C,[25] and aldose reductase enzymes.[2 | |
| PubChem ID | 73384 | |
| Additional PMIDs | 28808394 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:481889-1 | |
| Safety | NA |