| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-1366 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Artemisia annua herbal preparation | |
| PMID | 31700954 | |
| Literature evidence | Data on cytotoxic activity of an Artemisia annua herbal preparation and validation of the quantification method for active ingredient analysis. | |
| IUPAC name | NA | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Herbal preparation | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Artemisia annua | |
| Geographical availability | Afghanistan, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Borneo, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Cyprus, East European Russia, East Himalaya, Egypt, Greece, Hainan, India, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Irkutsk, Japan, Jawa, Kazakhstan, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Malaya, Maluku, Manchuria, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, North Caucasus, Northwest European R, Pakistan, Philippines, Primorye, Qinghai, Romania, South European Russi, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Western Sahara, Xinjiang | |
| Plant parts | NA | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer, Pancreatic cancer, Prostate cancer, Lung cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | Caspase 3 | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | The extract induced accumulation of multinucleated cancer cells within 24 h of treatment, increased the number of cells in the S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle, followed by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, caspase 3 activation, and formation of an apoptotic hypodiploid cell population. | |
| Target pathways | Apoptotic signaling pathway activated by the extract. | |
| IC50 | 18µg/ml against MDA-MB-231 | |
| Potency | Momundo Artemisia annua extract and an acetonitrile fraction thereof induce apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells as shown by XTT viability assay and induction of the subG0/G1 cell population by flow cytometric analysis. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MDA-MB-231, MCF-7,MIA PaCa-2, PC-3, A459, MDA-MB-231 xenografts grown on CAM as well as in nude mice. | |
| Additional information | The Artemisia annua extract, the activity of which could be enhanced by acetonitrile maceration, inhibited the viability of breast (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7), pancreas (MIA PaCa-2), prostate (PC-3), non-small cell lung cancer (A459) cells, whereas normal mammary epithelial cells, lymphocytes, and PBMC were relatively resistant to extract treatment. Further, the extract inhibited cancer cell proliferation, decreased tumor growth, and induced apoptosis in vivo in TNBC MDA-MB-231 xenografts grown on CAM as well as in nude mice. | |
| PubChem ID | NA | |
| Additional PMIDs | 31132755 31700954 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:304416-2 | |
| Safety | We have previously shown that Artemisia annua extracts are not toxic to normal mammary epithelial cells and PBMC at concentrations ?30 ?g/ml, nor do they inhibit lymphocyte proliferation, or induce any overt adverse effects in an in vivo model |