| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-1168 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | Amygdalin | |
| PMID | 31132979 | |
| Literature evidence | Naringenin and ellagic acid had a significant antimutagenic activity which was detected by the Salmonella test. | |
| IUPAC name | (2R)-2-phenyl-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyacetonitrile | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Cyanogenic glucoside | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Prunus spinosa | |
| Geographical availability | Albania, Algeria, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Central European Rus, Corse, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Morocco, Netherlands, North Caucasus, Northwest European R, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardegna, Sicilia, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Ukraine, Yugoslavia | |
| Plant parts | NA | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer, Bladder cancer, Lung cancer, Liver cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | Bcl-2, PARP, Bax, Caspase 3, Survivin, XIAP, GAS5, MALAT1 | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | Amygdalin downregulated B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), upregulated Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), activated of caspase-3 and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). RT-qPCR analysis has revealed that the expression of Survivin, XIAP, GAS5 and MALAT1 in amygdala-treated cancer cells were significantly different, compared to the un-treated cells. | |
| Target pathways | Amygdalin activated a pro-apoptotic signaling molecule p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) in Hs578T cells. | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | Amygdalin Regulates Apoptosis and Adhesion in Hs578T Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MDA-MB-231, Hs578T, MCF-7, HepG2 | |
| Additional information | The results suggest a potential application of amygdalin as a chemopreventive agent to prevent or alleviate progression of breast cancer, especially TNBC. | |
| PubChem ID | 656516 | |
| Additional PMIDs | 26759703 30725348 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:730297-1 | |
| Safety | NA |