| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-208 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | American ginseng extract | |
| PMID | 8915481 | |
| Literature evidence | METHODS: Estrogenic potential of American ginseng root extract to induce the expression of pS2, an estrogen-regulated gene, was evaluated in breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, T-47D, and BT-20 by Northern and Western blot analysis. | |
| IUPAC name | NA | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Aqueous extract | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | American ginseng | |
| Geographical availability | Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Québec, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin | |
| Plant parts | Root | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | pS2 RNA, RKIP, Cyclin A, Cyclin D1 | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | Ginseng and estradiol induce the expression of pS2 RNA and protein in MCF-7 cells, whereas tamoxifen suppresses expression. These results suggest that American ginseng may act to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation by increasing the expression of RKIP, resulting in inhibition of the MAPK pathway. The steamed extract also significantly reduced the expression of cyclin A and cyclin D1. | |
| Target pathways | MAPK pathway | |
| IC50 | 0.49 µg/µl against MCF-7 | |
| Potency | Because ginseng does not exhibit a proliferative effect, it may play a protective role against breast cancer rather than serve as a mitogen. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | MCF-7, T-47D, BT-20 | |
| Additional information | Although estradiol exhibited a proliferative effect and tamoxifen had an inhibitory effect, ginseng demonstrated no significant effect on cell proliferation. | |
| PubChem ID | NA | |
| Additional PMIDs | 16288926 15030235 16799811 16880429 17407973 19035277 19815237 8915481 10589039 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:300467-2 | |
| Safety | NA |