| Properties | Information | |
|---|---|---|
| PhytoCAT-ID | PhytoCAT-1818 | |
| Phytochemical name or plant extracts | α-eleostearic acid (α-ESA) | |
| PMID | 24425042 | |
| Literature evidence | China. α-eleostearic acid (α-ESA) has been shown to possess antitumor activity in cancer cells. | |
| IUPAC name | NA | |
| Phytochemicals’ class or type of plant extracts | Trienoic fatty acid | |
| Source of phytochemicals or plant Extracts | Momordica charantia | |
| Geographical availability | Angola, Assam, Bangladesh, Benin, Borneo, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Repu, Chad, Christmas I., Congo, East Himalaya, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., India, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, New Guinea, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Pakistan, Philippines, Queensland, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Society Is., Solomon Is., Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Uganda, Vanuatu, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Western Australia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe | |
| Plant parts | Seeds | |
| Other cancers | Breast cancer | |
| Target gene or protein | Bcl-2, BAD, HER2, PTEN, HER3 | |
| Gene or Protein evidence | Overall, these data suggest that a decreased Bcl-2 expression and increased BAD binding to Bcl-2 mediate α-ESA-induced apoptosis. Overall, these results suggest that decreased HER2/HER3 expression along with activation of PTEN upon α-ESA treatment may lead to decreased Akt phosphorylation. | |
| Target pathways | Akt/BAD/Bcl-2 apoptotic pathway, Akt/GSK-3β survival pathway, PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway | |
| IC50 | NA | |
| Potency | Therefore, α-ESA may be considered a beneficial dietary factor for the prevention and treatment of invasive breast cancer in cells overexpressing HER2. | |
| Cell line/ mice model | SKBR-3, T47D, MCF-7 | |
| Additional information | α-linolenic acid and α-eleostearic acid could serve as cost-effective and natural phytochemical preparation to protect against the adverse effects caused by organic mercury in human. | |
| PubChem ID | NA | |
| Additional PMIDs | 22269903 | |
| Additional sources of information | https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:293413-1 | |
| Safety | NA |